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Parliament passed the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2026, with the Lok Sabha clearing it on 12 August and the Rajya Sabha on 13 August. It amends the parent 1957 Act, letting holders of existing mining leases add critical minerals such as lithium, nickel, cobalt and graphite without extra fees, and removes the 50 per cent ceiling on sales from captive mines. The National Mineral Exploration Trust's scope is widened to also fund mine development, not just exploration.