Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answer to this item should be based on the passage only.

If open unemployment is the most acutely felt labour problem in urban India, underemployment, more than joblessness, is the most acutely felt labour problem in rural India. Besides those with no work at all, even those who work through the year are subject to multiple forms of underemployment, due to seasonal variation, disguised employment on family farms, and a lack of alternative non-farm opportunities. Many government schemes are actually intended towards mitigating these forms of underemployment.

With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:

1. People who work through the year are also prone to suffer from underemployment.

2. Elimination of open unemployment can result in full income security in rural India.

Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?