UPSC Prelims 2025 · GS Paper 1 · Q31

Environment

Hard · Industrial emissions / Cement

With reference to cement manufacturing, consider the following statements:

1. The cement industry is a major contributor to global industrial CO2 emissions.

2. Cement is manufactured primarily from silica-bearing clay and limestone.

3. The conversion of limestone to lime (calcination) during clinker production itself releases CO2, independent of the fuel burnt.

Which of the statements given above are correct?